PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Elsheikh, Somaia
AU  - Kouzoukakis, Ilias
AU  - Fielden, Catherine
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Lashin, Shaimaa Elsaid
AU  - Khair, Nadia
AU  - Raposo, Teresa Pereira
AU  - Fadhil, Wakkas
AU  - Rudland, Philip
AU  - Aleskandarany, Mohammed
AU  - Patel, Poulam
AU  - El-Tanani, Mohamed
AU  - Ilyas, Mohammad
TI  - Ran GTPase is an independent prognostic marker in malignant melanoma which promotes tumour cell migration and invasion
AID  - 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206871
DP  - 2022 Jan 01
TA  - Journal of Clinical Pathology
PG  - 24--29
VI  - 75
IP  - 1
4099  - http://jcp.bmj.com/content/75/1/24.short
4100  - http://jcp.bmj.com/content/75/1/24.full
SO  - J Clin Pathol2022 Jan 01; 75
AB  - Aims Ran GTPase is involved in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and is overexpressed in several cancers. The expression of Ran in malignant melanoma (MM) and its functional activity have not been described and were investigated in this study.Methods The prognostic value of Ran expression was tested in a series of 185 primary cutaneous MM cases using immunohistochemistry. The functional activity of Ran was investigated in the two melanoma cell lines. Ran expression was knocked down using two siRNAs and the effect on the expression of the c-Met oncogene, a potential downstream target of Ran, was tested. Functional effects of Ran knockdown on cell motility and cell proliferation were also assessed.Results Positive Ran expression was seen in 12.4% of MM and was associated with advanced clinical stage and greater Breslow thickness. Positive expression was an independent marker of shorter overall survival (p=0.023). Knockdown of Ran results in decreased expression of c-Met and the downstream c-met signalling targets ERK1/2. There was a significant reduction in cell migration (p<0.001) and cell invasion (p<0.001). c-Met knockdown decreased the expression of Ran through MAPK and PI3K-AKT in A375 cell line, inhibited the cell viability and migration of both A375 and G361 melanoma cell lines while invasion was enhanced.Conclusion Ran is a poor prognostic marker in cutaneous MM. It upregulates expression of the oncogene c-Met and, possibly through this, it promotes cell motility which may in turn promote metastasis.All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its supplemental file.